Information management

Kearney, Futurum: Big enterprise CEOs make AI core to future

According to research from management consultancy Kearney and analyst firm Futurum, big company CEOs are buying into AI hopes and dreams, with a dash of prudence Continue Reading

By

• Brian McKenna, Enterprise Applications Editor

The pros and cons of Drupal

Drupal is a highly customizable and scalable CMS, which makes it suitable for large organizations. Yet, inexperienced admins often struggle with its steep learning curve. Continue Reading

By

• Reda Chouffani, Biz Technology Solutions

Can the UK government achieve its ambition to become an AI powerhouse?

The artificial intelligence opportunities action plan has been largely well received, but there are plenty of questions about how it will be achieved, particularly when it comes to public sector funding. Continue Reading

Will the UK become an AI powerhouse?

In this week’s Computer Weekly, we analyse the UK government’s new AI strategy and ask if the ambitious plans are achievable. The latest EU regulation affecting cyber security, called DORA, will affect digital resilience plans for many businesses – we examine the implications. We also look at the benefits and technologies behind cloud data lakes. Read the issue now. Continue Reading

Greek authorities subject refugees to invasive surveillance

Greek border authorities are subjecting asylum seekers to invasive phone confiscations and artificial intelligence-powered surveillance, in another potential violation of European data protection laws Continue Reading

By

• Lydia Emmanouilidou

Get set for interfaces that know what you’re doing before you do

This is a guest blogpost by John Bates, CEO of SER Group, a European-based enterprise content management vendor. User interfaces have come a long way from the days of green screens — but the way we ... Continue Reading

By

• Brian McKenna, Enterprise Applications Editor

Researchers say AI fails to describe complexities of Holocaust

Using AI in Holocaust education will require the responsible digitisation of historical assets, as well as collaboration between system providers and domain-specific experts, to ensure effective guardrails that protect against misuse Continue Reading

By

• Vipin Chimrani, Computer Weekly

Lords debate government approach to automated decision-making

During the second reading debate of a Lords private members’ bill seeking to better regulate public sector algorithms, the government argued existing measures were sufficient to protect the public Continue Reading

By

• Vipin Chimrani, Computer Weekly

Enterprises need to make better choices to reduce GenAI emissions

Capgemini says the high environmental costs of generative artificial intelligence systems mean organisations need to develop roadmaps to make their use more sustainable Continue Reading

By

• Vipin Chimrani, Computer Weekly

Spot the difference: National Data Strategy/National Data Library

The Labour government appears to be taking every opportunity to emphasise that it has a plan for growth. This is set against the backdrop of the inauguration of Donald Trump as US president and the ... Continue Reading

By

• Cliff Saran, Managing Editor

DDN seeks AI leadership as it bags $300m investment

DDN aims to take high-performance computing expertise and become a leader in storage for artificial intelligence. It builds on years in the HPC space, and now has £300m from Blackstone, a fund with an AI focus Continue Reading

By

• Yann Serra, LeMagIT

Government, Nesta and ODI issue £600k smart data challenge to technologists

Department for Business and Trade, Challenge Works and the Open Data Institute have issued a Smart Data Challenge to app developers and entrepreneurs with a total prize fund of £600,000 Continue Reading

By

• Brian McKenna, Enterprise Applications Editor

Cyber security dovetails with AI to lead 2025 corporate IT investment

Cyber security and GenAI top enterprise IT investment plans for 2025, whether singly or together, according to research from Enterprise Strategy Group Continue Reading

By

• Brian McKenna, Enterprise Applications Editor

Cohesity CEO on Veritas integration and IPO plans

Cohesity CEO Sanjay Poonen shares his vision for integrating Veritas’ enterprise data protection business, uniting 12,000 customers, driving AI-powered innovation and building a public-ready company Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Barings Law enleagues 15,000 claimants against Google and Microsoft

Barings Law has signed up 15,000 claimants in a data breach suit against Microsoft and Google. The firm says the tech giants use personal data without proper consent to train AI models Continue Reading

By

• Brian McKenna, Enterprise Applications Editor

Drupal vs. WordPress vs. Joomla: What's the difference?

Drupal supports extensive customization but has a steep learning curve. On the other hand, WordPress and Joomla are more user-friendly but lack flexibility. Continue Reading

By

• Jordan Jones

Labour's AI Action Plan - a gift to the far right

Critical computing expert Dan McQuillan argues that, on top of the clear social and environmental harms associated with the technology, Labour's vapid fixation on AI-led growth in lieu of real change will further enable the far right. Instead, he proposes an alternative strategy of 'decomputing'. Continue Reading

By

• Dan McQuillan

Can UK government achieve ambition to become AI powerhouse?

The artificial intelligence opportunities action plan has been largely well received, but there are plenty of questions about how it will be achieved Continue Reading

By

• Cliff Saran, Managing Editor

AI is meant to free up time and yet somehow… It's stealing it

Realising the liberatory potential of artificial intelligence requires a culture shift that places people before profits and productivity Continue Reading

By

• George Kailas, ProsperoAI

UK Defence Committee urges MoD to embrace AI

Defence Committee outlines changes it thinks the Ministry of Defence should make to realise the battlefield advantages of artificial intelligence Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

16 top data governance tools to know about in 2025

Data governance software can help organizations manage governance programs. Here's a look at the key features and capabilities of 16 prominent governance tools. Continue Reading

By

• Craig Stedman, Industry Editor
• David Weldon

18 data science tools to consider using in 2025

Numerous tools are available for data science applications. Read about 18, including their features, capabilities and uses, to see if they fit your analytics needs. Continue Reading

By

• Mary K. Pratt

Reshaping UX with behavioral data and AI

Companies are using AI to strengthen insights from behavioral data, transforming how they understand and respond to customer interactions. Continue Reading

By

• Ana Salom-Boira, Editorial Manager -- Content Innovation

Software AG shrinks with sale of Alfabet and Cumulocity

Software AG, Germany’s number two business software company, after SAP, has announced the latest turn in its shrinkage under the umbrella of private equity group Silver Lake Continue Reading

By

• Brian McKenna, Enterprise Applications Editor

Black mothers seek ‘total agency’ over perinatal healthcare data

Black mothers from Birmingham have organised a community-led data initiative that aims to ensure their perinatal healthcare concerns are taken seriously by medical professionals Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

The Data Bill: Considering datacentres' hunger for power

New legislation to govern the use of data needs to also consider the implications of all that data when it comes to powering the datacentres needed to store and process our growing demand for information Continue Reading

By

• Lord Chris Holmes, House of Lords

Navigating the practicalities of AI regulation and legislation

What CIOs need to know about the global patchwork of existing and upcoming laws governing AI – and what CIOs need to be doing about them Continue Reading

By

• Mary Branscombe, Computer Weekly

Top 10 ANZ stories of 2024

The 2024 tech landscape in Australia and New Zealand was dotted with developments spanning cloud migrations and AI adoption to heightened data security and real-time data streaming Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Top 10 India stories of 2024

India embraced AI in 2024, developing its own large language models, boosting supercomputing capabilities and applying the technology across sectors from healthcare to governance Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Top 10 police technology stories of 2024

Here are Computer Weekly’s top 10 police technology stories of 2024 Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Top 10 data and ethics stories of 2024

Here are Computer Weekly’s top 10 data and ethics stories of 2024 Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Top 10 AI and storage stories of 2024

In this 2024 review, we look at the impact of AI on data storage, what’s needed to support AI during training and inference, and storage suppliers’ responses to the rise of AI Continue Reading

By

• Antony Adshead, Computer Weekly

Axon still in possession of Police Scotland encryption keys

Supplier’s possession of encryption keys for Police Scotland data sharing system opens potential for access and transfer of sensitive data without the knowledge or consent of the force Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

The future of CX is AI-powered and human-centric

AI is revolutionising customer experience, but companies must prioritise data quality and human oversight to deliver personalised services that builds loyalty and drives growth Continue Reading

By

• Lianne Dehaye

Ofcom publishes Illegal Harms Codes of Practice

The codes of practice and guidance from Ofcom outline the steps online services providers can take to protect their users from illegal harms Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Digital Ethics Summit 2024: recognising AI’s socio-technical nature

At trade association TechUK’s eighth annual Digital Ethics Summit, public officials and industry figures and civil society groups met to discuss the ethical challenges associated with the proliferation of artificial intelligence tools globally and the direction of travel set for 2025 Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

How NCS is tackling the enterprise IT market

The technology service provider is counting on its government experience, global expert network and cyber security capabilities to penetrate the enterprise IT market Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

What is business intelligence (BI)? A detailed guide

Business intelligence, or BI, is a technology-driven data analysis process that helps an organization's executives, managers and workers make informed business decisions. Continue Reading

By

• Craig Stedman, Industry Editor

20 top business intelligence tools to know about in 2025

To help you find the right BI software for your analytics needs, here's a look at 20 top tools and the key features that differentiate them from other technologies. Continue Reading

By

• Donald Farmer, TreeHive Strategy

Google Cloud’s Agentspace to unlock enterprise data

Agentspace uses AI agents to automate workflows and connect to multiple data sources to perform tasks and deliver insights, boosting enterprise productivity and efficiency Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Post Office scandal 2024 – part 3: Fujitsu’s 12-month fall from grace

After years of refusing to comment, Fujitsu was unable to continue hiding from its role in the Post Office Horizon IT scandal as politicians and a public inquiry demanded answers Continue Reading

By

• Karl Flinders, Chief reporter and senior editor EMEA

Here comes the government’s Data Bill - again

In the past three years the government has proposed three different data bills - but the latest one looks like it might actually make it into law Continue Reading

By

• Lord Chris Holmes, House of Lords

Data: The reindeer pulling AI's sleigh

On the Ninth Day of AI, we explore the critical role data plays in AI implementation and the key steps business leaders must take to prepare their data for a successful AI future. Continue Reading

By

• Martin Brierly, ANS

Power Pages vs. Power Apps: What's the difference?

Power Pages creates custom websites and portals for different audiences and vendors, while Power Apps specializes in in-house app creation to meet an organization's needs. Continue Reading

By

• Zaida Marston

IaaS firm uses Pure Storage as a service for ‘virtual datacentres’

Espresso Gridpoint moved from largely NetApp to Pure Storage FlashBlade file and object for its ‘virtual datacentres’ business model that offers VMware, Hyper-V and ProxMox VMs Continue Reading

By

• Antony Adshead, Computer Weekly

UK police continue to hold millions of custody images unlawfully

Annual report from the biometrics and surveillance camera commissioner of England and Wales highlights the ongoing and unlawful retention millions of custody images of innocent people never charged with a crime by police Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

DWP ‘fairness analysis’ reveals bias in AI fraud detection system

Information about people’s age, disability, marital status and nationality influences decisions to investigate benefit claims for fraud, but the Department for Work and Pensions says there are ‘no immediate concerns of unfair treatment’ Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Top IT predictions in APAC in 2025

Enterprises across the Asia-Pacific region are expected to focus on securing their AI workloads, invest in energy efficient infrastructure and rethink their platform strategy, among other tech trends in the new year Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Interview: Dave Moyes, information and digital systems partner, SimpsonHaugh Architects

Architecture relies on creativity, innovation and design – and increasingly, it is data-driven, digital and about to be shaken up by the growth of AI Continue Reading

By

• Mark Samuels

Post Office senior leadership warned of IT project data safeguarding risk

Post Office board members and senior executives have been made aware of the risk to data related to its ill-fated Horizon system replacement project Continue Reading

By

• Karl Flinders, Chief reporter and senior editor EMEA

Top 12 business intelligence challenges to manage

BI teams face various technical and project management challenges on deployments. Here are the top BI challenges, with advice on how to address them. Continue Reading

By

• George Lawton

Podcast: Storage and AI training, inference, and agentic AI

We talk to Hitachi Vantara CTO for AI Jason Hardy about training, inference and agentic AI, and how competing workloads bring context switching that storage for AI has to handle Continue Reading

By

• Antony Adshead, Computer Weekly

What is a recommendation engine?

A recommendation engine is a system that gives customers recommendations based on their behavior patterns and similarities to people who might have shared preferences. Continue Reading

By

• Cameron Hashemi-Pour, Former Site Editor
• Nick Barney, Technology Writer

Australian utilities explore potential of AI

Australia’s utilities sector is exploring and implementing AI to enhance grid stability, manage rooftop solar and prepare for the influx of electric vehicles Continue Reading

By

• Stephen Withers

F1 heightens fan experiences with the power of Salesforce

Learn how the technical teams behind Formula One are using Salesforce’s tools to enhance fan activation and engagement at 24 races across the world, and how they are bringing AI into play with Agentforce capabilities Continue Reading

By

• Alex Scroxton, Security Editor

Curing cancer with computers

In this week’s Computer Weekly, we go behind the scenes at the Francis Crick Institute to find out how data science and AI support its groundbreaking medical research. As courts on both sides of the Atlantic target Google, we analyse the legal threats for Big Tech. And our latest buyer’s guide examines cloud and object storage. Read the issue now. Continue Reading

User group chair recommends long-term SAP Rise strategy

Independent UK and Ireland SAP User Group chair describes upgrade as a marathon, not a sprint, but says SAP Rise is also inevitable Continue Reading

By

• Cliff Saran, Managing Editor

Interview: The importance of building a data foundation

We speak to Terren Peterson, Capital One’s vice-president of engineering, about how data pipelines and platforms are essential for AI success Continue Reading

By

• Cliff Saran, Managing Editor

What is big data analytics?

Big data analytics is the process of examining big data to uncover information -- such as hidden patterns, correlations, market trends and customer preferences -- that can help organizations make informed business decisions. Continue Reading

By

• Alexander S. Gillis, Technical Writer and Editor
• Scott Robinson, New Era Technology
• Wesley Chai

Swedish authorities urged to discontinue AI welfare system

Amnesty International is calling on Sweden’s social insurance agency to immediately discontinue its machine learning-based welfare system, following an investigation by Lighthouse Reports and Svenska Dagbladet that found it to be discriminatory Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Cloud data lakes: Where do they fit and what are their benefits?

We look at cloud data lakes, what they are, where they fit in the data management lifecycle, their benefits and the key providers in the hyperscaler clouds Continue Reading

By

• Stephen Pritchard

Barings Law plans to sue Microsoft and Google over AI training data

Microsoft and Google are using people’s personal data without proper consent to train artificial intelligence models, alleges Barings Law, as it prepares to launch a legal challenge against the tech giants Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

How Kong is driving the future of APIs

From its open-source API gateway to a full platform play, Kong is orchestrating the future of APIs with a growing presence in the Asia-Pacific region Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Nominations open for Computer Weekly Innovation Awards APAC 2025

Computer Weekly is looking for nominations for its 2025 Innovation Awards to honour digital transformation initiatives that have transformed organisations in six industries Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

AI and analytics? Been there, done that

In a recent article, I covered a discussion I’d previously had with a company called Luzmo that enables SaaS players to more easily build advanced analytics capabilities into their solutions. This ... Continue Reading

By

• Dale Vile, Freeform Dynamics

Metropolitan Police officer dismissed for unlawfully accessing Sarah Everard files

Over 100 Met Police officers and staff have been investigated for accessing sensitive data related to the Sarah Everard case, leading to the dismissal of a Roads and Transport officer who accessed the information while off-duty Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

What is a business intelligence analyst and what do they do?

Business intelligence analysts are key members of BI teams. Here's a look at the job, the skills it requires, salary levels and how the role of a BI analyst is evolving. Continue Reading

By

• Mary K. Pratt

Qlik expands cloud footprint to India

The data analytics and business intelligence software supplier is bolstering its presence in Asia-Pacific with a cloud region in India Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

IT and business leaders face big gap in understanding of data priorities

There appears to be a gap between what business leaders want to do with artificial intelligence and the IT capabilities of their organisation Continue Reading

By

• Cliff Saran, Managing Editor

Is AI-generated content copyrighted?

The current legal landscape surrounding AI-generated content is murky and fraught with confusion. Here's where it currently stands and what to know before publishing. Continue Reading

By

• George Lawton

ORG urges ICO to revise public sector enforcement approach

The Open Rights Group is urging the Information Commissioner’s Office to revise its light touch approach to public sector data protection issues, arguing that its experimental policy of limiting its enforcement actions to reprimands and notices, rather issuing fines, is allowing bad practices to continue largely unabated Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Government issues strategic priorities for online safety regulator Ofcom

Technology secretary Peter Kyle sets out the government’s strategic priorities for how Ofcom should approach regulating online safety, including embedding safety by design and supporting innovation in technologies to help protect people online Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Post Office project taking control of Horizon data from Fujitsu as part of messy split

The Post Office will no longer rely on Fujitsu for Horizon data past and present once cloud migration project is complete, in a major uncoupling of the 30-year relationship Continue Reading

By

• Karl Flinders, Chief reporter and senior editor EMEA

Interview: Raymond Boyle, vice-president of data and analytics, Hyatt Hotels

Data culture is a key focus for the strategy at the global hotel chain, especially as AI opens up new opportunities to drive personalisation and trust with customers Continue Reading

By

• Mark Samuels

Adventures in AI at Tripadvisor

In this week’s Computer Weekly, we find out how travel site Tripadvisor is embracing AI to offer new products and services to its users. Gartner says the chance of a successful digital project is like ‘flipping a coin’ – we went to its annual IT leadership symposium to ask why. And we examine what companies must do to comply with the EU’s new NIS2 cyber security rules. Read the issue now. Continue Reading

How banks are navigating the AI landscape

Industry experts discuss the transformative potential of artificial intelligence in banking, while addressing the challenges and governance implications of integrating AI into financial services Continue Reading

By

• Aaron Tan, Informa TechTarget

Denmark’s AI-powered welfare system fuels mass surveillance

Research reveals the automated tools used to flag individuals for benefit fraud violate individuals’ privacy and risk discriminating against marginalised groups Continue Reading

By

• Josh Osman, Computer Weekly

How to implement a business intelligence project in 7 steps

The BI implementation process involves a series of steps that organizations need to take to ensure projects are completed successfully and meet business goals. Continue Reading

By

• Jeff McCormick

How to build an effective business intelligence strategy

Explore the eight steps organizations need to develop and implement a successful business intelligence strategy, as well as some of the challenges staff can encounter. Continue Reading

By

• Mary K. Pratt

MPs hold first ever debate on live facial recognition

MPs have held an open debate on police use of live facial recognition technology for the first time since it was initially deployed by the Met Police in August 2016 Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Police cloud project raises data protection concerns despite legal reforms

Ongoing data protection issues with the use of hyperscale public cloud infrastructure by UK police could complicate the ambitions of nine forces to move their common records management system into the cloud Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Innovating with weather data at the Met Office

In this week’s Computer Weekly, we find out how the Met Office is using its vast stores of weather data to create innovative new products. Our latest buyer’s guide looks into identity and access management systems. And we examine the geopolitical threats that could curb the openness of open source. Read the issue now. Continue Reading

Interview: Niall Robinson, head of product innovation, Met Office

Weather and climate data is hugely valuable to government and businesses – and the Met Office is finding ways to innovate with data to deliver improved products and services Continue Reading

Fresh concerns over NHS England registries procurement

Clinicians and technologists behind a number of medical devices registries being brought together by NHS England on a new common platform have accused the health service of flouting public sector procurement regulations Continue Reading

By

• Alex Scroxton, Security Editor

What is qualitative data?

Qualitative data is descriptive information that focuses on concepts and characteristics, rather than numbers and statistics. Continue Reading

By

• Robert Sheldon

AI in business intelligence: Uses, benefits and challenges

AI tools are becoming a key part of BI systems, both to add new analytics capabilities and simplify tasks. Here's what you need to know about using AI in the BI process. Continue Reading

By

• Donald Farmer, TreeHive Strategy

Interview: Petra Molnar, author of ‘The walls have eyes’

Refugee lawyer and author Petra Molnar speaks to Computer Weekly about the extreme violence people on the move face at borders across the world, and how increasingly hostile anti-immigrant politics is being enabled and reinforced by a ‘lucrative panopticon’ of surveillance technologies Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Snowflake brings AI to data for Australian businesses

At the Sydney leg of the Snowflake World Tour, the company showcased how its platform simplifies data management, reduces costs and drives AI adoption for Australian businesses Continue Reading

By

• Stephen Withers

UK government launches AI assurance platform for enterprises

The platform is designed to drive demand for the UK’s artificial intelligence assurance sector and help build greater trust in the technology by helping businesses identify and mitigate a range of AI-related risks Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Lords shoplifting inquiry calls for facial recognition laws

A Lords committee has expressed concern about the use of facial recognition technology by retailers to combat shoplifting, and is calling on the government to introduce new laws to ensure there are minimum standards for their deployments Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

Starmer announces tech-enabled crackdown on people smuggling

The UK government has announced a further £75m of funding for its Border Security Command, meaning it will now have £150m over two years to spend on new technologies and staff Continue Reading

By

• Sebastian Klovig Skelton, Data & ethics editor

10 top benefits of business intelligence for companies

By using BI tools to analyze data and drive better business decisions, organizations can improve their operations and gain the benefits and advantages outlined here. Continue Reading

By

• Donald Farmer, TreeHive Strategy

Traditional BI vs. self-service BI: Differences and uses

Traditional and self-service business intelligence are different approaches to BI initiatives. Here's what you need to know to decide which is right for your BI needs. Continue Reading

By

• Chris Tozzi

Data bill aims to boost police and NHS productivity

In this week’s Computer Weekly, the government’s new data bill promises to improve productivity and efficiency for the NHS and police, but will it ensure privacy as well? We talk to Dell’s global CTO about how the IT giant sees the AI boom playing out. And we examine which industries stand to benefit most from the collaboration opportunities of virtual reality. Read the issue now. Continue Reading

Virtual collaboration within and across industries – promises and challenges

New technologies enable intuitive and realistic visual and auditory landscapes that put users within applications. We look at which industries will likely illustrate the impact of virtual collaboration in commercial environments Continue Reading

By

• Martin Schwirn, Computer Weekly

What is augmented analytics?

Augmented analytics is the use of machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) to enhance data analytics, data sharing and business intelligence. Continue Reading

By

• Scott Robinson, New Era Technology

What is dimensionality reduction?

Dimensionality reduction is a process and technique to reduce the number of dimensions -- or features -- in a data set. Continue Reading

By

• Alexander S. Gillis, Technical Writer and Editor

Interview: Niall Robinson, head of product innovation, Met Office

Weather and climate data is hugely valuable to government and businesses – and the Met Office is finding ways to innovate with data to deliver improved products and services Continue Reading

By

• Mark Samuels

Data classification: What, why and who provides it

You need to know where your data is, what it is, its governance requirements and relationship to the rest of your data. We look at data classification and how AI can help Continue Reading

By

• Stephen Pritchard

Interview: James Fleming, CIO, Francis Crick Institute

Helping to cure cancer with computers puts digital leadership on another level – and the world-leading research institute is turning to data science and artificial intelligence to achieve its groundbreaking goals Continue Reading

By

• Mark Samuels